Abstract
In the present study, a novel biosynthetic process of NiO-NPs is described using an economical reducing/capping agent (Cordia myxa fruit mucilage) by the simple sol–gel method, and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O as a nickel precursor. The nanoparticles were calcinated at different temperatures of 500, 600, and 700 °C. The structure, size, and morphology of these nanoparticles were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FESEM, and EDS spectroscopy. The thermal manner of the composition has been studied by the utilization of TGA. Analyses of XRD verified that the pure and single-crystalline phase of NiO-NPs was formed when the sample was calcinated at 700 °C. The average particle size of 15 to 27 nm was obtained which showed that increasing the calcination temperature could lead to an increase in the size of NiO-NPs. The result from FESEM revealed that nanoparticles were uniformly distributed while being homogenous and nearly spherical as well. Further, NiO-NPs showed excellent catalytic activity through a three-component condensation reaction for the synthesis of 3,4-dihyropyrano[c]chromenes and 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives. This effective catalyst could be recovered and reused several times without any significant loss of activity.
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Mirsalari, F., Tahanpesar, E. & Sanaeishoar, H. Biosynthesis of NiO-NPs using mucilage of Cordia myxa fruit and their potential application as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of chromenes. Res Chem Intermed 49, 4127–4148 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-023-05067-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-023-05067-7