The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Presentation on theme: "The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

2 Look at the map and learn where all the seven tasks were located

3 The Map of Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

4 The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World
Date Builder Destroyed Cause The Great Pyramid of Giza BC Egyptians still standing ______ The Hanging Gardens of Babylon 600 BC Babylonians after 1st century BC earthquake The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus 550 BC Lydians, Persians, Greeks 356 BC fire The Statue of Zeus at Olympia 435 BC Greeks 5th-6th centuries AD The Mausoleum of Mausolus at Helicarnassus 351 BC Persians, Greeks by 1494 AD The Colossus of Rhodes BC Hellenistic Greece 224 BC The Lighthouse of Alexandria 3rd century BC Hellenistic Egypt AD

5 The Great Pyramid of Giza
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus The Statue of Zeus at Olympia The Mausoleum of Mausolus at Halicarnassus The Colossus of Rhodes The Lighthouse of Alexandria

6 The Great Pyramid of Giza
The Pyramids belong to the seven wonders because of the way they were made. The Great Pyramid of Giza was built around 2,560 BC as a tomb for the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu, or Cheops. The tradition of building the pyramids started in ancient Egypt. The Pyramids are one of the oldest structures that are still on the earth. Each block weighs as much as 5 elephants. And most of the Pyramids are 450 feet high! The Pyramids of Giza are made for the dead because ancient people thought that the people that died would go to another life and if they gave them all of their important things the dead would help them and save them. The Pyramids are very big triangular shaped structures that have four flat sides that come together at the tip of the Pyramid. The Pyramids were used for the Kings tombs (Pharaons are the same things as kings).

7 The Hanging Gardens of Babylon [nebju׃kəd´nezə(r)]- Nebuchadnezzar
The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were once located in the part of the world known as Iraq. They were actually terraced gardens, probably built by the king Nebuchadnezzar II in the sixth century BC. According to the legend he built them to please his wife Semiarid who was homesick for the mountain climate of her native land. The gardens weren’t the easiest thing to sustain in that part of the world. Babylon was in a desert where there was very little rainfall. Engineers had to come up with a way to lift water up from the local Euphrates River so it could reach every level of the terrace. [nebju׃kəd´nezə(r)]- Nebuchadnezzar

8 The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Archeologists think that they may have used some device called a chain pump. The chain was cranked in circles, sending the buckets down to a pull to pick up water, and then up to the terraces to irrigate the gardens. Since there is no archeological evidence for the Hanging Gardens, some historians believe that they never really existed.

9 The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
In what’s now known as Turkey, the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was finished around 550 BC. An early historian described The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus as the greatest of the Seven Wonders. The remains of the building – a few stones near modern Efes – suggest that the writer was exaggerating. The 20 temple was large, rich and beautifully decorated, but there were many temples in the ancient world which were much more beautiful. Its power was due to the fact that Artemis was a goddess worshipped all over Asia. In Rome she was called Diana. The first temples on that site go back to the eighth century BC and the many visitors to the temple were important for trade. The Temple of Artemis was gigantic. In fact, it was one of the largest temples the Greeks ever built.

10 The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
The Statue of Zeus at Olympia has left no remains. We know what it looked like because it was shown on coins and travellers said that it was made of gold and ivory. The Temple of Zeus was finished around 456 BC in Olympia, Greece. The statue of Zeus at Olympia was built by the famous Greek sculptor Pheidias in 435 BC who made some of the finest statues on the Parthenon. The statue was built in honor of Greek god Zeus for the Olympic games. This amazing structure was mostly made of ivory and gold, along with other valuable stones, such as ebony. The statue was 40 feet tall! Unfortunately, it was destroyed in a fire and little remains are available to see today. The Statue of Zeus was the most famous statue of ancient times.

11 The Mausoleum of Mausolus
at Halicarnassus The Mausoleum of Halicarnassus was located on the Aegean sea in the city of Bodrum. The mausoleum was made in 350 BC. The height of the mausoleum was 45 m (140 ft). The structure of the mausoleum wasn't really beautiful but the decorations were what brought the beauaty. It had statues of people, lions, horses, and other animals. On the top of the roof was a statue of a chariot pulled by four horses.The mausoleum is special because it isn't dedicated to the Greek Gods. Where was the Mausoleum of Halicarnassus located? Was the structure of the mausoleum really beautiful? What brought the beauty to it? What statues did it have? How long did it exist and what caused its damage? The mausoleum is a tomb for a king. For 16 centuries it stayed in perfect condition until an earthquake damaged the roof and colonnades.

12 The Mausoleum of Mausolus
at Halicarnassus There was a ruler, Hecatomnus, who was the father of a son and a daughter. Mausolus, the son, and Artemisia, the daughter became husband and wife. Hecatomnus died, leaving Mausolus and Artemisia as the next rulers. In 353 BC Mausolus died. Queen Artemisia built a great tomb to show her love. The tomb was so great because of its size and decorations that future tombs where named Mausoleums after King Mausolus. Today, only a few fragments of the Mausoleum remain. The legend says: In 377 BC, the city of Halicarnassus was off the coast of Asia Minor (southwestern Turkey).

13 The Colossus of Rhodes According to the tradition, The Colossus of Rhodes stood – legs apart – over the harbour at Rhodes and the ships passed in and out between its legs. The Colossus attracted ships to Rhodes because, like the Pharos at Alexandria, it was a giant advertisement for the city. It could be seen from miles away. The statue was built between 294 and 282 BC, to celebrate the defeat of the Macedonians, who had failed to conquer the city. When the statue was pulled down in 654 AD, 900 camels were used to take away the pieces. Where and when was Collosus of Rhodos built? Whose statue was this? How tall was the Colossus of Rhodes? How long did it take to build it? How did it look like? What was the cause of its destruction?

14 The Colossus of Rhodes This was not just any statue, it was the statue of Helios, the sun god of Rhodes. The Colossus was 120 feet tall (that’s almost as tall as the Statue of Liberty). It took 12 years to build the Colossus. The statue of Helios was made of bronze and had iron bars inside, to support it and was hollow on the inside. The Colossus looked just like a bronze man, and he stood over the entrance of the harbor in Rhodes. The Colossus of Rhodes was destroyed by an earthquake in 224 BC. Where and when was Collosus of Rhodos built? Whose statue was this? How tall was the Colossus of Rhodes? How long did it take to build it? How did it look like? What was the cause of its destruction?

15 The Lighthouse of Alexandria
The Pharos of Alexandria crumbled into the sea about 600 years ago but before that it was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It is not known who built the Pharos, but we do know that it was the last Wonder to be built, in 280 BC. In ancient times it was a great help to ships trying to get through the rocky harbour entrance. Yet it was not a lighthouse in the modern sense, but rather a giant advertisement for Alexandria. The Lighthouse of Alexandria was 384 feet tall, was made of marble, and contained a mirror, which reflected the sun and could be viewed up to 35 miles away. At night a beacon of fire was used to light the tower instead. Upon the very top of this tower, there was a statue of Poseidon. Sadly, the lighthouse was destroyed after a series of disastrous earthquakes. It was the last wonder to disappear. The remains of the Pharos were found quite recently. 1.On the territory of which country was this lighthouse build? 2. How tall was it? 3.What was it made of? 4. Why was it destroyed? The word pharos is still used in some modern languages to mean «lamp» or «lighthouse».

16 Remember please the places where the Seven Wonders were built